Acceptance and Caregiving of Married and Divorced Custodial Mothers and Fathers

The study examined whether differences in gender and family status affect parental caregiving disposition and acceptance of children among parents of children in mid-childhood. The number of participants were 122 divorced-custodial fathers, 107 married fathers, 85 divorced-custodial mothers, and 82 married mothers (n?=?398). A comparison among four groups of parents revealed the following gender differences: mothers scored higher on anxious caregiving and parental acceptance than fathers, and lower on avoidant caregiving. Regression analysis indicated that the higher the caregiving avoidance or anxiety, the lower the parental acceptance. Family status moderated parental acceptance, as avoidant caregiving was associated with reduced parental acceptance among married parents, but not among divorced custodial parents. The finding that avoidant caregiving was not associated with reduced acceptance among divorced custodial parents implies that their parental acceptance behaviors toward their children are affected by their parental status as sole custodial parent, and the associated responsibilities, rather than by gender.     

Veganism as a lifestyle movement

In the last few years, the popularity of veganism has surged. Current literature on the cultural practice, which situates it within a social movements framework, cannot adequately explain this meteoric rise. A better approach is to view veganism as an emerging lifestyle movement based on individual consumption rather than political protest. After situating veganism within the literature on animal rights, this review then explains why a lifestyle movement perspective yields a more compelling account of its growing mainstream appeal. Drawing on both cultural and organizational sociology, this review provides insights into the cultural origins of veganism, its evolving relationship to other food movements, and highlights the key role played by cultural entrepreneurs, the key changemakers who are bringing veganism from the margins to the mainstream.     

Replication: Revisiting Tversky and Shafir’s (1992) Disjunction Effect with an extension comparing between and within subject designs

Does uncertainty about an outcome influence decisions? The sure-thing principle (Savage, 1954) posits that it should not, but Tversky and Shafir (1992) found that people regularly violate it in hypothetical gambling and vacation decisions, a phenomenon they termed “disjunction effect”. Very close replications and extensions of Tversky and Shafir (1992) were conducted in this paper (N = 890, MTurk). The target article demonstrated the effect using two paradigms in a between-subject design: here, an extension also testing a within-subject design, with design being randomly assigned was added. These results were consistent with the original findings for the “paying to know“ problem (original: Cramer’s V = 0.22, 95% (CI) [0.14, 0.32]; replication: Cramer’s V = 0.30, 95% CI [0.24, 0.37]), yet not for the “choice under risk” problem (original: Cramer’s V = 0.26, 95% CI [0.14, 0.39]; replication: Cramer’s V = 0.11, 95% CI [−0.07, 0.20]). The within-subject extension showed very similar results. Implications for the disjunction effect and judgment and decision-making theory are discussed, and a call for improvements on the statistical understanding of comparisons of between-subject and within-subject designs is introduced. All materials, data, and code are available on https://osf.io/gu58m/.     

Storifying routines and routinising stories: A dualistic subject positioning analysis of controversies about constraints on patient autonomy

This paper uses subject positioning theory to explore how conflicts between autonomy and protection are managed in the justification of controversial care arrangements for patients with mental/neurological illness. Its basic argument is twofold: firstly, to justify or propose care arrangements at strategic or contentious moments, actors position illness as an actant and make it present in talk‐in‐interaction, exploiting alignments and misalignments between the there and then of reported events and the above and beyond of shared societal discourses to say what matters and what's to be done here and now; secondly, the introduction of authoritative voices from elsewhere involves imbricating narrative and routine sequences in order to prioritise different subjectivities. Dilemmas opposing autonomy and protection may seem less intractable if we adopt a corresponding perspective interplay between narrative and routine situational readings.     

听说法研究的历史、现状和反思

听说法产生于19世纪40年代的美国，以结构主义语言学和行为主义心理学为基础，主张在对外汉语教学中注重学生口语能力的培养，遵循“听说领先，读写跟上”的原则，经过反复的句型操练，最终使学习者能够灵活地运用所学语言材料进行交际。听说法20世纪60年代传入中国,率先广泛应用于英语教学中，2000年后则成为对外汉语教学重要的教学方法。文章首先梳理国内关于听说法研究的历史演进，然后利用数据统计对我国听说法研究现状进行分析，包括文献发表数量、研究热点、研究内容、实践案例研究来源等。基于以上梳理和分析，文章对听说法研究的反思，重点关注听说法应用于对外汉语教育实践的相关研究所面临的挑战，并提出相应的研究建议，以期为对外汉语教学的深入研究提供参考，从而推进对外汉语教学在“一带一路”建设中发挥重大作用。     

The belonging model of trust

Although we know that high‐quality employee–organization relationships are beneficial, these relationships are complex and not fully understood, especially among employees of nonprofit organizations. In particular, we know little about how these employees perceive trust, which may overlook an important contributor to effective management. We begin to address this issue by testing a new theoretical model that conceptualizes perceived insider status, psychological ownership, and organizational identification as foundations for the perception of justice and subsequent trust. Our results indicate that psychological ownership and perceived insider status relate to trust through procedural and interpersonal justice. These results contrast those typically found in for‐profit contexts in that organizational identification did not predict justice and that distributive and informational justice did not predict trust.     

森林文化学及其在高等林业教育中的地位和作用

为探讨森林文化学的概念及其学科体系的组成,该文通过对中外森林文化思想的产生和我国森林文化研究发展历程的考证,提出了一个森林文化学的定义,即森林文化学是研究在物质、制度和精神层面上的森林文化现象及其相互关系的科学。文章考虑了一个多学科交叉融合的森林文化学学科体系应该涉及的范围,认为森林文化学课程是林学等相关专业的主要专业基础课。森林文化学有益于学生知识结构的改善、人文素质的提高和人格的培养。生态文化学科群的建设,将对我国高等林业教育的跨越式发展起到决定性作用。同时文章建议我国应建设面向世界的森林文化学术组织和研究机构。     

社会资本对城乡老年人健康影响的实证研究——基于CGSS混合截面数据

利用2013年、2015年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)的混合截面数据,采用二元logistic回归、OLS回归模型,从生理健康和心理健康二个维度,综合考察了社会资本对城乡老年人健康的影响,并检验了社会融合学说及网络关系学说两个理论.研究发现:个体社会资本与集体社会资本均对老年人的生理与心理健康产生显著正向作用,社会经济地位、收入和教育都对老年人身心健康有正向影响,性别和年龄会影响老年人的生理健康,而婚姻会影响老年人的心理健康,家庭规模的影响作用不显著.但在考虑城乡二元结构差异时,个体社会资本对城市老年人的生理与心理健康影响不显著,而家庭规模对农村老年人的心理健康产生显著正向作用.因此,需要促进城市老年人社会交往,提高老年人的社会经济地位,鼓励农村孩子常回家看看,共同营造一个“健康老龄化”的社会.     

食品监管渎职罪司法认定的困境及优化路径

自《刑法修正案(八)》增设食品监管渎职罪以来,其适用率呈偏低的趋势,与我国食品安全犯罪频发的现状不相符合。究其原因,该罪在责任主体认定、因果关系判定,以及危害后果界定三个方面存在难以厘清的困境。而学界虽在不断探讨该罪名的适用标准,但大多局限于理论建构层面,而忽略了司法适用的有效性。故从实证分析视角,明晰该罪的司法认定标准,以期对我国的司法实践有所贡献。     

国家治理财政学:学说渊源、理论基础及主要特征

作为后发现代化国家,中国财政学理论的发展既受到外来理论的深刻影响,又在解释和指导中国财政实践中打上了中国国情烙印和时代特征。“国家分配论”受到来自苏联理论的深刻影响,又与中华人民共和国成立初期运用计划模式追求工业化紧密相关,强调中国财政的生产建设性。“公共财政论”借鉴西方现代财政理论,又与改革开放中引入市场机制加快经济增长相对应,强调现代财政弥补市场失灵的公共性。国家治理财政学将是中国汲取中外财政相关理论成果,为实现国家治理现代化进行的财政理论探索。该理论从政府—市场—社会三维互动视角对财政现象进行观察,对财政主体、财政客体、财政目标和财政过程进行全面研究,为新时代发挥财政在促进国家治理现代化中的“基础和支柱”作用提供理论支持。